Gender Differences in Pain Sensitivity
Boys dominant-dependant, Girls intimate-dependant
Wiki on the history and concept of gender roles
Boys and girls brains are different
Regardless of scientific findings, gender stereotypes continue
Testosterone shapes brains, women encode memories differently than men, says MRI
Plan your head injury around your gender
Men and women respond to stress differently (MRI scans say)
Boys brains develop along the same lines as girls, only slower (so educate accordingly)
These are just a handful of studies and articles I found while googling. Whether the studies support an egalitarian or complementarian views is up for grabs, but at the very least, firming up *actual* vs. *perceived* (or ignored) gender differences is a benefit to those on all sides of the spectrum.
The comments box is open for comments, as usual, and also for references to studies you’ve ran across. Plus, if you cite studies that are proven cross-culturally, you get bonus points. 
Good research Molly.
Another one I was thinking about is the effects of testosterone in men. In danger, both male and female can get adrenaline rushes which helps them cope and can give added strength. But men have something in addition to that; testosterone rushes. This is why men are more capable in extreme danger situations (in addition to their stronger muscles). Testosterone rushes contribute more temporary power, speed, etc.
And ‘roid rage. Do not forget that. This stuff can be additive.
From your link “Testosterone shapes brains, women encode memories differently than men, says MRI”:
Turhan Canli, a Stanford psychologist, recently tested 12 men and 12 women in functional MRIs and showed that women encode memories using different pathways than what men use when recording memories. The women were later able to recall emotions of a memory more accurately than men, which could possibly stem from how their memories were encoded in the first place.
I think women (uniquely?) tend to have vivid long term recall of unusual, painful or traumatic experiences. Here are two examples from the Bible:
Luke 2: 16 So they hurried off and found Mary and Joseph, and the baby, who was lying in the manger. 17When they had seen him, they spread the word concerning what had been told them about this child, 18and all who heard it were amazed at what the shepherds said to them. 19But Mary treasured up all these things and pondered them in her heart…
Luke 2:42When he was twelve years old… the boy Jesus stayed behind in Jerusalem, but they were unaware of it… they did not find him… After three days they found him 50But they did not understand what he was saying to them. 51Then he went down to Nazareth with them and was obedient to them. But his mother treasured all these things in her heart.
Good thoughts Gem. I can relate to that. Sometimes I remember how an experience impacted me emotionally as much or more than I remember the exact details of the experience. It may be this is another reason why a woman is often more vulnerable than a man in some situations. And another reason why a husband is to respond graciously and respectfully to her as Peter instructs.
A handful of research confirms what I was taught some time ago. While in Caucasian populations, women are twice as likely as men to be depressed, this is not a universal ratio. Far from it.
In fact, bipolar depression, assessed as a physical or chemical based depression is equal between men and women.
So the question is why are so many women depressed. The answer might be psychosocial causes unique to Caucasian society. Or, on the other hand, male depression in other societies may be elevated to the ratio of women in their own society.
I don’t want to draw conclusions, but just say that one has to be very careful about all of this. I am deeply concerned no matter what use this is put to.
Sue, if you consider that the same imbalances and emotions fuel depression and anger problems, you’ll see where that other half is. Chronic anger problems that so many men have is depression “pointed” at someone else.
A while back I saw some military statistics which showed that female veterans who have seen active combat are slightly more at risk from PTSD than males are.
However, the suicide rate for male veterans, especially those from the Vietnam era, is very significantly increased over the general male population.
In the general population (not military), males are about four times more likely than females to commit suicide, so that said something to me about Vietnam and what it did to many of the returning vets, since the suicide rate for the men went way high.
By the way, nice new blog format.